Saladin El-Ayyoubi Biography (1138-1193 M)
The world knew him as one of the greatest leaders. He is also one of the greatest figures in the Crusades. His name is widely known when he could conquer the kingdom of Jerusalem, which was then headed by Guy The Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. Saladin's army known as the brave troops under his direction. The following biographies and complete profile. Full name Salahuddin Al-Ayubi, known in the West as Saladin was born of a Kurdish family in Tikrit (140 km northwest of Baghdad) near the river Tigris in 1137M. Her childhood during ten years spent studying in Damascus in the neighborhood members Zangid dynasty that ruled Syria, namely Nur Ad-Din or Nur al-Din Zangi.
The world knew him as one of the greatest leaders. He is also one of the greatest figures in the Crusades. His name is widely known when he could conquer the kingdom of Jerusalem, which was then headed by Guy The Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. Saladin's army known as the brave troops under his direction. The following biographies and complete profile. Full name Salahuddin Al-Ayubi, known in the West as Saladin was born of a Kurdish family in Tikrit (140 km northwest of Baghdad) near the river Tigris in 1137M. Her childhood during ten years spent studying in Damascus in the neighborhood members Zangid dynasty that ruled Syria, namely Nur Ad-Din or Nur al-Din Zangi.
The profile of Saladin
Salahuddin Al-Ayubi or Sholahuddin Yusuf ibn Ayyub, Salah Ad-Din ibn Ayyub or Saladin / Salahadin (according to the pronunciation of the West) is one of the great heroes in the history of Islam. One concept and culture of this war hero is a celebration of the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad that we know called mouled or birthday, derived from the word meaning miled year, meaning as the term birthday. A variety of birthday celebration among / Muslim organizations are often referred to as milad or Miladiyah, although the intention is the birthday according to the lunar calendar AD.
In addition to studying Islam, Saladin also received military lessons from his uncle Shirkuh Asaddin, a warlord Turks. Caliphate. Together with his uncle Saladin ruled Egypt, and mendeposisikan last sultan of the Fatimid Caliphate (a derivative of Fatimah Az-Zahra, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad).
When Saladin became sultan of Egypt made a gaffe for Nuruddin's son, Salih Ismail. Until after Din died in 1174, Salih Ismail dispute about the lineage of the right to the caliphate in Egypt. Finally Salih Ismail and Saladin battle and successfully mastered Sholahuddin Damascus. Salih Ismail was forced to step aside and continued to fight the power of the new dynasty until he was killed in 1181. Saladin led Egypt and Syria at the same time restore Islam in Egypt back to the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah.
Conquered Jerusalem
For growing territory, Salahuddin always managed to defeat the Crusader invasion of Europe, except the one thing that is recorded is a Saladin had retreated from the battle Battle of Montgisard against the Kingdom of Jerusalem (short kingdom in Jerusalem during the Crusades). However pullback resulted Sholahuddin Raynald of Châtillon-led war of the Holy Land with Jerusalem memrovokasi Muslims disrupt trade and lanes of the Red Sea that is used as a route of pilgrims to Mecca and Medina. Worse Raynald threatened to attack the two holy cities, until Saladin strike back Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1187 at the Battle of Hattin war, while executing the death penalty to Raynald and capture the king, Guy of Lusignan.
Eventually the whole of Jerusalem into the hands of Muslims and the Kingdom of Jerusalem collapsed. In addition to other cities Jerusalem was conquered unless Tyres / Tyre. This triggers the fall of Jerusalem in Christian Europe or moving the Third Crusade Third Crusade.
This reduces the Third Crusade of Richard I of England to the battlefield at the Battle of Arsuf. Saladin was forced to withdraw, and for the first time can feel overthrew invincibilty Crusader Sholahuddin.
In the military ,Salahudin was admired when Richard wounded, Saladin offered the treatment in time of war at which time the Muslims medical science has advanced and trustworthy.
In 1192 Saladin and Richard agreed in the agreement Ramla, where Jerusalem remains occupied by the Muslims and open to Christian pilgrims. The next year Saladin died in Damascus after Richard returned to England. Even when people open the treasure chests turns his wealth is not enough to charge his funeral, many wealth distributed to those who need it.
Besides admired by Muslims, Saladin, or Saladin / Salahadin got a great reputation in Christian Europe, the story of the war and its leadership a lot written in poetry and literature of Europe, one of which is The Talisman (1825) by Walter Scott.
The past is not easy to go even though we like do not want to see him. Even in one of the walls of the Umayyad Mosque which was once the Cathedral of John the Baptist who dipermak so beautiful mosques in the year 700, a historian still find the rest of this inscription: "Your kingdom, O, Christ, is the eternal kingdom .... "
But if the past is not easy going, from which parts of Saladin who would come to us now? Of the grave space are dull, myth what will we go? Saladin story is the story of the battle. From his day we hear terrible stories of how religion has demonstrated its ability to inspire courage and inspiration of sacrifice - that if necessary in the form of murder.
But most of the story of Saladin - spread both in the West and in the East of the long history of the Crusades in the 12th century - is also the story of a courageous in battle, that actually do not want to shed blood. Saladin took Jerusalem back in the summer of 1187. But before the invasion, he was given the opportunity Christian ruler of the city to prepare themselves so that they can fight with a respectable army. And when the Christian forces were finally defeated as well, which do not make the population Christian Saladin slaves. Saladin even freed most of them, without rancor, although the first, in 1099, when the Crusaders from Europe seized Jerusalem, the city of 70 thousand Muslims were slaughtered and the rest of the Jews were herded into a synagogue to be burnt.
In just 55 years of his life, that's efforts seem to Saladin. Although it is not always flawless, we yet know how the leader of the Islamic forces to be nice to King Richard the Lionheart who came from England to defeat. When Richard sick in battle, Saladin sent him a fresh pear cold in the snow, and also a doctor. Then peace was signed, 1 September 1192, and the party was held with various games, and the Europeans amazed how Islam can bear good person.
We now also be amazed how the past can bear good person. Especially when people are just trying to revive what was gallant of the 12th century but a damper on what patience and peace of an era of war. But the important fact of the past?
Kurds displaced from the tomb of the great man, one day in 1970, I returned to the center of Damascus, through a busy bazaar hallway in front of the Umayyad Mosque. The town was boisterous, the hubbub is possible without history.
EmoticonEmoticon